Jews who were expelled from the Holy Land by the Roman Empire found themselves in locations as diverse as Europe, North Africa and the Persian Gulf. In the span of 1,000 years, the majority of Jews living in these societies were subjected to anti-Semitic discriminatory laws, violence and even expulsion.

70 CE

Romans destroyed the Second Temple in Jerusalem.

855 CE

Jews were exiled from Italy.

1096

Crusaders massacre Jews in Europe.

1107

Moroccan Jews are forced to either convert to Islam or be expelled.

1290

England banishes all Jews.

1306

100,000 Jews are exiled from France.

1492

200,000 Jews are expelled during the Spanish Inquisition.

1582

Holland expels all Jews.

1903

Anti-Jewish mob attacks occur in Russia.

1939

The Holocaust begins.